Acrolein
- Acraldehyde
- Propenaldehyde
- 2-Propenal
- 2-Propen-1-one
- Acrylaldehyde
Acrolein | |
| |
| Formula | CH2=CHCHO |
| Structure | |
| Description | A colorless to yellow volatile liquid with a disagreeable choking odor. |
| Uses | Herbicide. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 107-02-8 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 203-453-4 |
| EC Index Number | 605-008-00-3 |
| EC Class | Highly flammable; Very toxic; Toxic; Corrosive; Dangerous for the Environment |
| RTECS | AS1050000 |
| RTECS class | Agricultural Chemical and Pesticide; Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data; Primary Irritant |
| UN (DOT) | 1092 |
| Merck | 12,130 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 741856 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-01-00-03435 |
| RCRA | P003 |
| EPA OPP | 701 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-1047 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | C3H4O |
| Formula mass | 56.06 |
| Melting point, °C | -87.8 |
| Boiling point, °C | 52.7 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 210 (20 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 1.94 |
| Critical temperature | 254 |
| Critical pressure | 50.0 |
| Density | 0.843 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | 213 g/L |
| Viscosity | 0.35 cp @ 20C |
| Surface tension | 24 g/s2 |
| Refractive index | 1.4022 (20 C) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | -0.01 |
| Heat of vaporization | 28.3 kJ/mol |
| Heat of combustion | -1634 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Keep under a nitrogen blanket. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Refrigerator/flammables. Store protected from light and air. |
| Handling | Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only in a well ventilated area. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Store protected from light. Store protected from air. Use and store under nitrogen. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. |
| Protection | Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. |
| Respirators | Wear a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved full-facepiece airline respirator in the positive pressure mode with emergency escape provisions. Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary. |
| Small spills/leaks | Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. Do not get water inside containers. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. |
| Stability | Decomposes when in contact with air, light, or organic matter. Unstable. |
| Incompatibilities | Polymerizes violently upon exposure to strong acids or bases, oxidants (such as air), light or heat. Also incompatible with amines, sulfur dioxide and metal salts. |
| Decomposition | Carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | -26 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 234 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 31 | |||
| Lower exp. limit, % | 2.8 | |||
| Fire fighting | Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Extremely flammable liquid. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Extinguishing media: For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Water may be ineffective. Do NOT get water inside containers. For large fires, use water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Do NOT use straight streams of water. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. | |||
| Fire potential | Very flammable. Combustion imminent very flammable. May travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. At elevated temperatures, polymerization may take place. If this occurs in a container, it may violently rupture. | |||
| Hazards | Under fire conditions, polymerization may occur. If inside a container, violent rupture of the container may take place. When heated to decomposition, it emits highly toxic fumes. Alkalis or strong acids act as catalysts, causing a condensation reaction and liberating energy. Reaction may be very rapid and violent. Readily converted by oxygen to hazardous peroxides and acids. Unstable, avoid exposure to alkalis, strong acids, oxygen, elevated temperatures, such as fire conditions. (Polymerization inside container could cause violent rupture of container under fire conditions.) | |||
| Combustion products | Toxic gases and vapors (such as carbon monoxide and peroxides) may be released in a fire involving acrolein. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 4 | ||
| Flammability | 3 | |||
| Reactivity | 3 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | OSHA PEL: TWA 0.1 ppm (0.25 mg/m3) NIOSH REL: TWA 0.1 ppm (0.25 mg/m3) ST 0.3 ppm (0.8 mg/m3) See Appendix C (Aldehydes) NIOSH IDLH: 2 ppm |
| Poison_Class | 1 |
| Exposure effects | Short-term exposure may cause increases in heart rate and blood pressure. Serious poisoning may cause CNS depression. Birth defects were produced by direct intra-amniotic injection in rats, but the offspring of rabbits treated by gavage did not have developmental toxicity. |
| Ingestion | May be fatal if swallowed. May cause severe gastrointestinal tract irritation with nausea, vomiting and possible burns. |
| Inhalation | May cause severe irritation of the respiratory tract with sore throat, coughing, shortness of breath and delayed lung edema. Inhalation may be fatal as a result of spasm, inflammation, edema of the larynx and bronchi, chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema. |
| Skin | May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. May cause severe irritation and possible burns. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin. |
| Eyes | May result in corneal injury. Contact with eyes may cause severe irritation, and possible eye burns. Lachrymator. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Inhalation | Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. |
| Skin | Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. |
| Eyes | Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1092 |  |
| Response guide | 131 | |
| Hazard class | 6.1 | |
| PRTC | T | |
| Packing Group | I | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | ARL | |
| USCG Compatatibility Group | 19 Aldehydes | |
| Std. Transport # | 4927007 | |