Ammonium chloride
- Ammonium muriate
- Sal ammoniac
- Salmiac
- Amchlor
Ammonium chloride | |
| |
| Formula | NH4Cl |
| Structure | |
| Description | Odorless, colorless crystals or white, granular powder, slightly hygroscopic. |
| Uses | As flux for coating sheet iron with zinc, tinning, in dry & leclanche batteries, dyeing, freezing mixtures, electroplating, to clean soldering irons, safety explosives, lustering cotton, tanning, in washing powders, manufacturing dyes, in cement for iron pipes, for snow treatment (slows melting on ski slopes), therapeutic: systemic acidifier, vet: expectorant, diaphoretic, acidifying diuretic. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 12125-02-9 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 235-186-4 |
| EC Index Number | 017-014-00-8 |
| EC Class | Harmful; Irritant |
| EC Risk Phrase | R 22 36 |
| EC Safety Phrase | S 22 |
| RTECS | BP4550000 |
| RTECS class | Drug; Mutagen; Human Data; Primary Irritant |
| UN (DOT) | 9085 |
| Merck | 13,510 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 10120 (G) |
| EPA OPP | 129014 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-3660 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | ClH4N |
| Formula mass | 53.49 |
| Melting point, °C | 335 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 892.5 (346 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 1.9 |
| Evaporization number | Does not form a vapour |
| Density | 1.5256 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | 283 g/L |
| Thermal expansion | 0.00009/K |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Store below 40C. |
| WHMIS | Insufficient information |
| Handling | Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. |
| Protection | Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear impervious gloves. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. |
| Respirators | Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary. |
| Small spills/leaks | Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation. |
| Stability | Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions. |
| Incompatibilities | Acids, alkalis, and their associated carbonates. Substance reacts with lead and silver salts to form a fulminating compound. Substance reacts with ammonium compounds, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, hydrogen cyanide, iodine heptafluoride, nitrates, and potassium chlorate. |
| Decomposition | Irritating and toxic fumes and gases, ammonia and hydrochloric acid fumes. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Autoignition, °C | > 400 | |||
| Fire fighting | Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Substance is noncombustible. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. May polymerize explosively when involved in a fire. Extinguishing media: For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Substance is noncombustible; use agent most appropriate to extinguish surrounding fire. For large fires, use water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. | |||
| Fire potential | May burn but does not ignite readily. | |||
| Hazards | Containers may explode when heated. | |||
| Combustion products | Toxic and irritating ammonia and hydrogen chloride gases may form in fire. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 1 | ||
| Flammability | 0 | |||
| Reactivity | 0 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | TLV (as fume): ppm; 10 mg/m3 (as TWA); 20 mg/m3 (as STEL) (ACGIH 1992-1993). NIOSH REL: TWA 10 mg/m3 ST 20 mg/m3 |
| Poison_Class | 4 |
| Exposure effects | Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. |
| Ingestion | May cause irritation of the digestive tract. May cause systemic toxicity with acidosis. May be harmful if swallowed. |
| Inhalation | If heated, dust or fume may cause respiratory tract irritation. |
| Skin | May cause skin irritation. |
| Eyes | Causes eye irritation. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid. |
| Inhalation | Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. |
| Skin | Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists. Wash clothing before reuse. |
| Eyes | Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 9085 | |
| Response guide | 171 | |
| Hazard class | 9.2 | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | AMC | |
| HS Code | 2827 10 00 | |
| Std. Transport # | 4966317 | |