Aniline
- Aniline oil
- Aminobenzene
- Phenylamine
- Benzenamine
- Benzeneamine
Aniline | |
| |
| Formula | C6H5NH2 |
| Structure | |
| Description | Colorless, oily liquid when pure with a characteristic musty, fishy, amine-like aromatic odor, darkens on exposure to light and air, forming an impure product. |
| Uses | Manufacture resins, varnishes, perfumes, shoe blacks, as solvent. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 62-53-3 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 200-539-3 |
| EC Index Number | 612-008-00-7 |
| EC Class | Carcinogenic Category 3; Toxic; Harmful; Dangerous for the Environment |
| EC Risk Phrase | R 20/21/22 40 48/23/24/25 50 |
| EC Safety Phrase | S 28 36/37 45 61 |
| RTECS | BW6650000 |
| RTECS class | Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data; Primary Irritant |
| UN (DOT) | 1547 |
| Merck | 13,661 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 605631 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-12-00-00223 |
| RCRA | U012 |
| EPA OPP | 251400 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-1131 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | C6H7N |
| Formula mass | 93.13 |
| Melting point, °C | -6.2 |
| Boiling point, °C | 184 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 0.6 (25 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 3.22 |
| Saturation Concentration | 400 ppm (0.04%) at 20 C; 900 ppm (0.09%) at 25 C (calculated) |
| Evaporization number | Less than 1 (butyl acetate = 1) |
| Critical temperature | 426 |
| Critical pressure | 52.4 |
| Density | 1.019 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | 34 g/L |
| Viscosity | 4.35 cp @ 20C |
| Surface tension | 42.58 g/s2 (20 C) |
| Refractive index | 1.5863 (20 C) |
| Dipole moment | 1.55 D (20 C) |
| Dielectric constant | 6.89 (20 C) |
| pKa/pKb | 9.40 (pKb) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 0.90 |
| Heat of fusion | 10.6 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 52.8 kJ/mol |
| Heat of combustion | -3394 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Keep from contact with oxidizing materials. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Poison room locked. Keep away from acids. Material darkens in color on storage. Store protected from moisture. Store protected from light. |
| WHMIS | B3 D1A D2B |
| Handling | Wash thoroughly after handling. Wash hands before eating. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Do not ingest or inhale. Store protected from light. Use only in a chemical fume hood. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. |
| Protection | Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. |
| Respirators | A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirator's use. |
| Small spills/leaks | Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. |
| Disposal code | 9 |
| Stability | Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. Volatile in steam. Sensitive to Light. May discolor on exposure to air and light. |
| Incompatibilities | Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, bases, aluminum, fluorine, formaldehyde, iron, nitric acid, silver perchlorate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid, zinc, hydrogen peroxides, ozone, acid anhydrides, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, perchromates, nitromethane, dibenzoyl peroxide, benzenediazonium-2-carboxylate, boron trichloride, tetranitromethane, trichloronitromethane, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, hexachloromelamine, peroxomonosulfuric acid, albumin, iron salts, perchloric acid, nitrobenzene, alkalis, moisture, potassium peroxide, glycerine, fuming nitric acid, N-chloro compounds, N-bromoimides (e.g. n-bromosuccinimide), peroxydisulfuric acid, nitrosyl fluoride, toluene diisocyanate. |
| Decomposition | Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | 76 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 540 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 11 | |||
| Lower exp. limit, % | 1.2 | |||
| Fire fighting | Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Water runoff can cause environmental damage. Dike and collect water used to fight fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Combustible Liquid. Containers may explode when heated. To extinguish fire, use water, dry chemical, chemical foam, or alcohol-resistant foam. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Use extinguishing media most appropriate for the surrounding fire. | |||
| Fire potential | Moderately flammable. Combustion requires preheating. Volatile with steam. | |||
| Hazards | Combustion can produce toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. Aniline vapor forms explosive mixtures with air. It is incompatible with strong oxidizers and strong acids and a number of other materials. Avoid heating. Hazardous polymerization may occur. Polymerizes to a resinous mass. | |||
| Combustion products | Toxic gases and vapors (such as oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide) may be released in a fire involving aniline. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 3 | ||
| Flammability | 2 | |||
| Reactivity | 0 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | TLV: 2 ppm; 7.6 mg/m3 (as TWA) (skin) (ACGIH 1992-1993). OSHA PEL: TWA 5 ppm (19 mg/m3) skin NIOSH REL: Ca See Appendix A NIOSH IDLH: Potential occupational carcinogen 100 ppm |
| Carcinogin | G-A3, CP65 |
| Poison_Class | 1* |
| Exposure effects | May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause fetal effects. Repeated exposure may cause sensitization dermatitis. Chronic exposure may cause hemolysis of the red blood cells followed by stimulation of the bone marrow. Laboratory experiments have resulted in mutagenic effects. May cause cyanosis - a blue-gray coloring of the skin and lips caused by a lack of oxygen. Animal studies have reported the development of tumors. |
| Ingestion | Harmful if swallowed. Aniline acts through an intermediate to change hemoglobin to methemoglobin. In one subject, 65 mg of aniline increased the methemoglobin level by 16% within 2 hours. Intense methemoglobinemia may lead to asphyxia severe enough to injure the cells of the central nervous system. Pathologic findings in acute fatalities from aniline include chocolate color of the blood; injury to the kidney, liver and spleen; and hemolysis. Alcohol can intensify the ability of aniline to induce methemoglobinemia. |
| Inhalation | Harmful if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, shortness of breath, cyanosis (bluish discoloration of skin due to deficient oxygenation of the blood), rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown blood. Inhalation of aniline causes anoxia due to the formation of methemoglobin. |
| Skin | Causes skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. Vapors are readily absorbed through the skin. |
| Eyes | Causes severe eye irritation. May cause lacrimation (tearing), blurred vision, and photophobia. May cause chemical conjunctivitis and corneal damage. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Inhalation | Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask. |
| Skin | Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Destroy contaminated shoes. |
| Eyes | Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid. Do NOT allow victim to rub or keep eyes closed. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1547 | |
| Response guide | 153 | |
| Hazard class | 6.1 | |
| Packing Group | II | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | ANL | |
| USCG Compatatibility Group | 9 Aromatic amines | |
| HS Code | 2921 41 00 | |
| Std. Transport # | 4921410 4921492 | |
| IMO Chemical Code | 17 | |
| IMO Pollution Category | C | |
| IMO Hazard code | S/P | |