Carbon dioxide
- Carbon dixoide, compressed
Carbon dioxide | |
| |
| Formula | CO2 |
| Structure | |
| Description | Carbon dioxide-air is a colorless odorless gas. |
| Uses | Refrigerant, processing of foods, preserving foods, crusting of food, cryogenic freezing of food, prodn of urea, sodium carbonate (solvay process), methanol, carbonic acid, lead carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium salicylate, carbonated petroleum, hydrocarbon products, provides an inert atmosphere for fire extinguishers, refinery products, petroleum products, displacing oxygen to prevent deterioration & flavor loss, in high pressure applications, oil well stimulation, in livestock slaughtering, as fertilizer, hardening of molds for metal castings. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 124-38-9 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 204-696-9 |
| RTECS | FF6400000 |
| RTECS class | Reproductive Effector; Human Data |
| UN (DOT) | 1013 |
| Merck | 12,1857 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 989 (G) |
| EPA OPP | 16601 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-2334 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | CO2 |
| Formula mass | 44.00 |
| Sublimation point, °C | -78.4 |
| Decomposition point, °C | >1700 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 28300 (25 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 1.65 (20 C) |
| Critical temperature | 31 |
| Critical pressure | 72.9 |
| Density | 1.56 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | 880 g/L (20 C) |
| Viscosity | 20.3x10-6 pa-s at 20C |
| Surface tension | 0.0162 newtons/meter @ melting point |
| Refractive index | 1.1120 (40 C) |
| Dipole moment | 1.38 D |
| Dielectric constant | 1.42 |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 0.83 |
| Thermal expansion | 0.0036672/K (0 C) |
| Heat of fusion | 7.9 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 16.9 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder. Keep away from incompatible materials, ignition sources and untrained individuals. Secure and label area. Protect containers/cylinders from physical damage. |
| WHMIS | A |
| Handling | Containers of this material may be hazardous when emptied. Since emptied containers retain product residues (vapor, liquid, and/or solid), all hazard precautions given in the data sheet must be observed. |
| Protection | Wear appropriate protective gloves, clothing and goggles. Always wear thermal protective clothing when handling refrigerated/cryogenic liquids. |
| Respirators | Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| Small spills/leaks | Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. |
| Stability | Gas is not affected by heat until temperature about 2000 C. |
| Incompatibilities | None. |
| Decomposition | None. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Fire fighting | Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. | |||
| Fire potential | Noncombustible gas. | |||
| Hazards | Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | OSHA PEL: TWA 5000 ppm (9000 mg/m3) NIOSH REL: TWA 5000 ppm (9000 mg/m3) ST 30,000 ppm (54,000 mg/m3) NIOSH IDLH: 40,000 ppm |
| Poison_Class | 5 |
| Exposure effects | Rapid breathing and rapid heart rate are common. In severe cases abnormally low blood pressure, apnea, and cardiac arrest develop. Various disturbances including headache, dizziness, mood disturbances, numbness of the extremities, sleepiness, mental confusion, poor judgement and coordination, and memory loss may occur. Prolonged or severe hypoxia results in unconsciousness. Prolonged asphyxia may produce CNS injury. Hemiparesis has been reported with volatile substance abuse. Cerebral edema with brainstem herniation may occur. Seizures have been reported following intentional inhalation. |
| Ingestion | Nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage may develop. |
| Inhalation | Hyperventilation may develop. |
| Skin | Dermal exposure may cause frostbite injury. Severe tissue burns have been reported. |
| Eyes | Decreases in night vision, visual acuity, and visual fields (tunnel vision) may occur. Frothy mucous may be seen. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Seek medical assistance. |
| Inhalation | Administer 100% humidified supplemental oxygen with assisted ventilation as required. If hypoxia has been severe or prolonged, carefully evaluate for neurologic sequelae and provide supportive treatment as indicated. |
| Skin | Rewarming and a variety of topical treatments are indicated for frostbite injury. See main section for more information. |
| Eyes | Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1013 | |
| Response guide | 120 | |
| Hazard class | 2.2 | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | CDO | |
| Std. Transport # | 4904510 | |