Chlorine
- Chlorgas
- CLX
- Dichloride
Chlorine | |
| |
| Formula | Cl2 |
| Structure | |
| Description | A greenish yellow gas with a pungent suffocating odor. |
| Uses | Manufacture of chlorinated lime used in bleaching all kinds of fabric, manufacture synthetic rubber & plastics, for purifying water, detinning & dezincing iron, disinfecting. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 7782-50-5 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 231-959-5 |
| EC Index Number | 017-001-00-7 |
| EC Class | Toxic; Irritant; Dangerous for the Environment |
| RTECS | FO2100000 |
| RTECS class | Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data |
| UN (DOT) | 1017 |
| Merck | 12,2145 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 788 (G) |
| EPA OPP | 20501 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-1377 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | Cl |
| Formula mass | 70.90 |
| Melting point, °C | -101 |
| Boiling point, °C | -34.6 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 6450 (25 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 2.5 |
| Critical temperature | 144 |
| Critical pressure | 76.1 |
| Density | 1.424 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | Reacts |
| Viscosity | 41.2 erg/cm2 (-60 C) |
| Surface tension | 18.4 g/s2 @ 20 C in contact with vapor |
| Refractive index | 1.00084 (0 C) |
| Dipole moment | 0 D |
| Dielectric constant | 2.065 (-30 C) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 1.85 |
| Thermal expansion | 0.0028/K at 0 C |
| Heat of fusion | 6.8 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 20.4 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder. Keep away from incompatible materials, ignition sources and untrained individuals. Secure and label area. Protect containers/cylinders from physical damage. |
| WHMIS | A D1A E |
| Handling | Containers of this material may be hazardous when emptied. Since emptied containers retain product residues (vapor, liquid, and/or solid), all hazard precautions given in the data sheet must be observed. |
| Protection | Wear appropriate protective gloves, clothing and goggles. |
| Respirators | Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| Small spills/leaks | Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Do not apply water to point of leak in tank car or container. Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment. Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. Neutralize with dilute caustic soda (NaOH) or soda ash (Na2CO3). Water spill: Add dilute caustic soda (NaOH). If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. |
| Stability | Stable at normal temperatures and pressures. |
| Incompatibilities | Reacts explosively with or supports the burning of numerous common materials Reacts as either a liquid or gas with alcohols, molten aluminum, silane, bromine pentafluoride, carbon disulfide, 1-chloro-2-propyne, dibutyl phthalate, diethyl ether, diethyl zinc (ignition), glycerol, methane over yellow mercury oxide, acetylene, ethylene over mercury, mercury(I) oxide, or silver(I) oxide, gasoline, naphtha-sodium hydroxide mixture, zinc chloride, hydrogen. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Fire fighting | Evacuate area endangered by gas. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. If it is necessary to stop the flow of gas, use water spray to direct escaping gas away from those effecting shut-off.Will not burn, but most combustible materials will burn in chlorine as they do in oxygen; flammable gases will form explosive mixtures with chlorine. Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, fog or foam. | |||
| Fire potential | Nonflammable. Materials will burn in chlorine as in oxygen. Moderate hazard. | |||
| Hazards | May ignite other combustible materials (wood, paper, oil, etc.). Mixture with fuels may cause explosion. Container may explode in heat of fire. Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Hydrogen and chlorine mixtures (5-95%) are exploded by almost any form of energy (heat, sunlight, sparks, etc.). May combine with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrochloric acid. Emits highly toxic fumes when heated. Avoid plastics and rubber. Avoid heat and contact with hydrogen gas or powdered metals. | |||
| Combustion products | When heated, it emits highly toxic fumes. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 4 | ||
| Flammability | 0 | |||
| Reactivity | 0 | |||
| Special | O | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | NIOSH REL: C 0.5 ppm (1.45 mg/m3) 15-minute] OSHA PEL: C 1 ppm (3 mg/m3) 10 ppm |
| Poison_Class | 1 |
| Exposure effects | Rapid heart rate and rapid breathing are common. Severe exposure may cause cardiovascular collapse and respiratory arrest. Headache may develop. Agitation and anxiety may develop in patients with significant respiratory compromise. Chlorine (as hypochlorite) has been teratogenic in experimental animals. Mutations were detected using sperm morphology in mouse studies. |
| Ingestion | Vomiting may occur following initial exposure. |
| Inhalation | Feeling of burning and suffocation, coughing, choking, laryngeal edema hypoxia and, in high concentrations, syncope and almost immediate death may follow. Pulmonary edema is common after severe exposure. |
| Skin | Dermal exposure may cause erythema, pain, irritation, and cutaneous burns. |
| Eyes | Green hair, dental enamel erosion, inflammation of the eye, and nasal and throat irritation may occur. Anosmia is reported. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Seek medical assistance. |
| Inhalation | Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with beta2 agonist and corticosteroid aerosols. |
| Skin | Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician should examine the area if irritation or pain persists. |
| Eyes | Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1017 | |
| Response guide | 124 | |
| Hazard class | 2.3 | |
| PRTC | T | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | CLX | |
| USCG Compatatibility Group | 0 Unassigned. | |
| Std. Transport # | 4920523 4920539 | |
| IMO Gas Code | N | |