Chlorodifluoromethane
- Refrigerant gas R-22
- Freon 22
- Monochlorodifluoromethane
- Difluorochloromethane
Chlorodifluoromethane | |
| |
| Formula | CHClF2 |
| Structure | |
| Description | Chlorodifluoromethane is a colorless gas with an ethereal odor. |
| Uses | Propellant, Fumigant, Insecticide |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 75-45-6 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 200-871-9 |
| RTECS | PA6390000 |
| RTECS class | Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector |
| UN (DOT) | 1018 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 1731036 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-01-00-00032 |
| EPA OPP | 15 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-2010 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | CHClF2 |
| Formula mass | 86.47 |
| Melting point, °C | -157.4 |
| Boiling point, °C | -40.8 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 6290 (25 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 2.98 |
| Critical temperature | 96 |
| Critical pressure | 49.25 |
| Density | 1.41 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | 3 g/L |
| Viscosity | 0.00328 g/(cm s) (-33 C) |
| Surface tension | 1.25 g/s2 (80 C) |
| Refractive index | 1.264 (22 C) |
| Dipole moment | 1.43 D (22 C) |
| Dielectric constant | 6.0 22 C) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 1.08 |
| Thermal expansion | 0.0035/K at 15 C |
| Heat of fusion | 4.1 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 20.8 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from heat, sparks and flames. |
| WHMIS | A |
| Handling | Containers of this material may be hazardous when emptied. Since emptied containers retain product residues (vapor, liquid, and/or solid), all hazard precautions given in the data sheet must be observed. |
| Protection | Wear appropriate clothing to prevent any reasonable probability of skin contact. Wear eye protection to prevent any possibility of eye contact. |
| Respirators | Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| Small spills/leaks | Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. |
| Stability | Stable at normal temperatures and pressure. |
| Incompatibilities | Incompatible with alkalis, alkaline earth metals (e.g., powdered aluminum, sodium, potassium, zinc). |
| Decomposition | Decomposition gases are toxic and irritating. When heated to decomp. They evolve highly toxic. Fumes of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride. All fluorocarbons will undergo thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot metal. Decomposition products of the chlorofluorocarbons will include hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acid along with smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride. The last compound is very unstable to hydrolysis and quickly changes to hydrofluoric acid and carbon dioxide in the presence of moisture. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | -78 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 632 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 26.9 | |||
| Fire fighting | Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. | |||
| Fire potential | Slightly flammable. | |||
| Hazards | Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. | |||
| Combustion products | Decomposition gases are toxic and irritating. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 2 | ||
| Flammability | 0 | |||
| Reactivity | 0 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | TLV (as TWA): 1000 ppm; 3540 mg/m3 (ACGIH 1992-1993). MAK: 500 ppm; 1800 mg/m3; IV, C (1992). NIOSH REL: TWA 1000 ppm (3500 mg/m3) ST 1250 ppm (4375 mg/m3) |
| Poison_Class | 5 |
| Exposure effects | Headache, dizziness, and disorientation are common. Cerebral edema may be found on autopsy. Dichlorodifluoromethane was not teratogenic in rats and rabbits. <br>The reproductive effects of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane were studied in rats. No adverse effects on reproductive performance was noted or on the development, maturation or reproductive performance of up to two successive generations. |
| Ingestion | Nausea may develop. Ingestion of a small amount of trichlorofluoromethane resulted in necrosis and perforation of the stomach in one patient. |
| Inhalation | Pulmonary irritation, bronchial constriction, cough, dyspnea, and chest tightness may develop after inhalation. Chronic pulmonary hyperreactivity may occur. Adult respiratory distress syndrome has been reported following acute inhalational exposures. Pulmonary edema is an autopsy finding in fatal cases. |
| Skin | Dermal contact may result in defatting, irritation or contact dermatitis. Severe frostbite has been reported as an effect of freon exposure. Injection causes transient pain, erythema and edema. |
| Eyes | EYES - Eye irritation occurs with ambient exposure. Frostbite of the lids may be severe. NOSE - Nasal irritation occurs with ambient exposure. THROAT - Irritation occurs. Frostbite of the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa and hard palate developed in a man after deliberate inhalation. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | These substances may cause frostbite to the upper airway and gastrointestinal tract after ingestion. Administer oxygen and manage airway as clinically indicated. Emesis, activated charcoal, and gastric lavage are not recommended. |
| Inhalation | Provide a quiet calm atmosphere to prevent adrenaline surge if the patient is seen before the onset of cardiac arrhythmias. Minimize physical exertion. |
| Skin | Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician should examine the area if irritation or pain persists. If frostbite has occurred, refer to dermal treatment in the main body of this document for rewarming. |
| Eyes | Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility. Ophthamologic consultation should be obtained in any symptomatic patients. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1018 | |
| Response guide | 126 | |
| Hazard class | 2.2 | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | MCF | |
| USCG Compatatibility Group | 36 Halogenated hydrocarbons | |
| Std. Transport # | 4904552 4904520 | |