Cyanogen chloride
- Chlorine cyanide
- Chlorocyanide
- Chlorocyanogen
Cyanogen chloride | |
| |
| Formula | CNCl |
| Structure | |
| Description | A colorless gas or liquid with a strong odor. |
| Uses | Chemical synthesis, military poison gas. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 506-77-4 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 208-052-8 |
| RTECS | GT2275000 |
| RTECS class | Agricultural Chemical and Pesticide; Tumorigen; Human Data |
| UN (DOT) | 1589 |
| Merck | 12,2764 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 969190 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-03-00-00090 |
| RCRA | P033 |
| EPA OPP | 25801 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-1399 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | NDSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | CClN |
| Formula mass | 61.47 |
| Boiling point, °C | 15.5 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 1150 (25 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 2 |
| Density | 1.222 g/cm3 (0 C) |
| Solubility in water | 250 ml/L |
| Surface tension | 26.53 g/s2 (-31 C) |
| Refractive index | 1.3668 (6.7 C) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 0.68 |
| Heat of vaporization | 26.80 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder. Keep away from incompatible materials, ignition sources and untrained individuals. Secure and label area. Protect containers/cylinders from physical damage. |
| Handling | All chemicals should be considered hazardous. Avoid direct physical contact. Use appropriate, approved safety equipment. Untrained individuals should not handle this chemical or its container. Handling should occur in a chemical fume hood. |
| Protection | Wear appropriate protective gloves, clothing and goggles. |
| Respirators | Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| Small spills/leaks | Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment. Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. Water spill: Add dilute caustic soda (NaOH). Add calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2). Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7). |
| Stability | Tends to form polymers on storage. |
| Incompatibilities | Reacts exothermically with alkenes and alkynes. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | -38 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 23.5 | |||
| Fire fighting | Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. | |||
| Fire potential | Not flammable. | |||
| Hazards | It may only be shipped in cylinders. Prolonged exposure of the cylinder to fire or heat may cause violent rupturing and rocketing. | |||
| Combustion products | Poisonous gases are produced when heated in fire. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 3 | ||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | TLV: 0.3 ppm; 0.75 mg/m3 (as CEILING) (ACGIH 1992-1993). NIOSH REL: C 0.3 ppm (0.6 mg/m3) |
| Poison_Class | 1 |
| Exposure effects | Initially, headache, vertigo, and agitation occur, followed by combative behavior, coma, seizures, and death. |
| Inhalation | Tachypnea, hyperpnea, and dyspnea followed rapidly by respiratory depression are common. Pulmonary edema may occur. |
| Skin | Papules, rashes, pruritus, and ulcerations may occur. |
| Eyes | Burning sensation of mouth and throat, and equally red retinal arteries and veins are common. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Emergency measures - in symptomatic patients advance life support including use of the cyanide antidote kit should be initiated as gastrointestinal decontamination is being prepared. Ipecac induced vomiting is not recommended because of the potential for cns depression and seizures. Activated charcoal: administer charcoal as a slurry (240 ml water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in adults/adolescents. Consider after ingestion of a potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1 hour). Oxygen - immediately begin therapy with 100% oxygen. |
| Inhalation | Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with beta2 agonist and corticosteroid aerosols. |
| Skin | Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician should examine the area if irritation or pain persists. While cyanide can be absorbed through intact skin, most reported cases have involved whole-body immersion in cyanide solutions or large-area burns with molten cyanide solutions. |
| Eyes | In case of contact with liquefied gas, thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water Immediately flush skin with running water for at least 20 minutes. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1589 | |
| Response guide | 125 | |
| Hazard class | 2.3 | |
| PRTC | T | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | CCL | |
| Std. Transport # | 4920178 | |