Dichlorofluoromethane
- Fluorodichloromethane
- Refrigerant 21
Dichlorofluoromethane | |
| |
| Formula | CHCl2F |
| Structure | |
| Description | Dichlorofluoromethane is a colorless, odorless gas. |
| Uses | Fully halogenated chlorofluorocarbons (cfcs) such as dichlorofluoromethane were scheduled for production phase-out in 1987 by the montreal protocol. Although originally scheduled for 50% production phase-out by the year 2000 in developed countries, the worsening ozone depletion has forced acceleration of the cfc phase-out. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 75-43-4 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 200-869-8 |
| RTECS | PA8400000 |
| RTECS class | Reproductive Effector |
| UN (DOT) | 1029 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 1731041 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-01-00-00039 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-2011 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | CHCl2F |
| Formula mass | 102.92 |
| Melting point, °C | -135 |
| Boiling point, °C | 9 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 1340 (25 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 3.82 |
| Critical temperature | 178 |
| Critical pressure | 51.1 |
| Density | 1.48 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | 10 g/L |
| Viscosity | 0.56 cp (-90 C) |
| Surface tension | 18 g/s2 @ 25 C |
| Refractive index | 1.3724 (9C) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 1.55 |
| Heat of vaporization | 25.2 kj/mol |
| Heat of combustion | -231 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Materials must be stored in places that are cool. Provide adequate ventilation. Further precaution is to locate. Area. Away from areas of fire hazard. |
| Handling | All chemicals should be considered hazardous. Avoid direct physical contact. Use appropriate, approved safety equipment. Untrained individuals should not handle this chemical or its container. Handling should occur in a chemical fume hood. |
| Protection | Wear appropriate clothing to prevent any reasonable probability of skin contact. Wear eye protection to prevent any possibility of eye contact. |
| Respirators | Any self contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece and operated in a pressure demand or other positive pressure mode or any supplied air respirator with a full facepiece and operated in a pressure demand or other positive pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode. |
| Small spills/leaks | Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. |
| Stability | Condition contributing to instability: Heat. |
| Incompatibilities | Incompatible with the following: Chemically-active metals such as sodium, potassium, calcium, powdered aluminum, zinc & magnesium; acid; acid fumes. |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride. Toxic gases and vapors (such as hydrogen chloride, phosgene and hydrogen fluoride) may be released when refrigerant 21 decomposes. All fluorocarbons will undergo thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot metal. Decomposition products of the chlorofluorocarbons will include hydroflouric and hydrochloric acid along with smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride. The last compound is very unstable to hydrolysis and quickly changes to hydrofluoric acid and carbon dioxide in the presence of moisture. Fluorocarbons appearance of toxic decomposition products serves as warning of occurrence of thermal decomposition and detection of sharp acrid odor warns of presence. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | -54 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 552 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 54.7 | |||
| Fire fighting | Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. | |||
| Fire potential | Weakly flammable. | |||
| Hazards | Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. | |||
| Combustion products | Toxic fumes of chlorine and fluorine may be produced in fire. | |||
| Health. | |
| Poison_Class | 5 |
| Exposure effects | Headache, dizziness, and disorientation are common. Cerebral edema may be found on autopsy. Dichlorodifluoromethane was not teratogenic in rats and rabbits. <br>The reproductive effects of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane were studied in rats. No adverse effects on reproductive performance was noted or on the development, maturation or reproductive performance of up to two successive generations. |
| Ingestion | Nausea may develop. Ingestion of a small amount of trichlorofluoromethane resulted in necrosis and perforation of the stomach in one patient. |
| Inhalation | Pulmonary irritation, bronchial constriction, cough, dyspnea, and chest tightness may develop after inhalation. Chronic pulmonary hyperreactivity may occur. Adult respiratory distress syndrome has been reported following acute inhalational exposures. Pulmonary edema is an autopsy finding in fatal cases. |
| Skin | Dermal contact may result in defatting, irritation or contact dermatitis. Severe frostbite has been reported as an effect of freon exposure. Injection causes transient pain, erythema and edema. |
| Eyes | EYES - Eye irritation occurs with ambient exposure. Frostbite of the lids may be severe. NOSE - Nasal irritation occurs with ambient exposure. THROAT - Irritation occurs. Frostbite of the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa and hard palate developed in a man after deliberate inhalation. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | These substances may cause frostbite to the upper airway and gastrointestinal tract after ingestion. Administer oxygen and manage airway as clinically indicated. Emesis, activated charcoal, and gastric lavage are not recommended. |
| Inhalation | Provide a quiet calm atmosphere to prevent adrenaline surge if the patient is seen before the onset of cardiac arrhythmias. Minimize physical exertion. |
| Skin | Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician should examine the area if irritation or pain persists. If frostbite has occurred, refer to dermal treatment in the main body of this document for rewarming. |
| Eyes | Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility. Ophthamologic consultation should be obtained in any symptomatic patients. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1029 | |
| Response guide | 126 | |
| Hazard class | 2.2 | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | DFM | |
| Std. Transport # | 4904574 | |