| Health. |
| Exposure limit(s) |
TLV: ppm; 0.2 mg/m3 (as TWA) (skin) (ACGIH 1993-1994).
NIOSH REL: See Appendix D |
| Poison_Class |
3 |
| Exposure effects |
Reduced body temperature or elevated body temperature may occur. Low
heart rate and abnormally low blood pressure may develop after moderate to
severe poisoning. Rapid heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and changes
in respiratory rate may also occur. Early giddiness, anxiety headache, and
restlessness followed by ataxia, drowsiness, and confusion are common with
moderate to severe exposures. Sporadic reports of human birth defects
related to organophosphates have not been fully verified. |
| Ingestion |
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea are common muscarinic
effects. Both painless and frank clinical pancreatitis have been reported.
|
| Inhalation |
Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through
skin. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. |
| Skin |
Profuse sweating is common. Pallor may be noted. Dermal sensitization
has been reported. |
| Eyes |
Constriction of the pupil, tearing, and blurred vision are common.
Prolonged dialation of the pupils may occur. Salivation commonly occurs.
|
First aid |
|
| Ingestion |
CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS ARE EXTREMELY TOXIC AND FAST-ACTING POISONS.
IMMEDIATELY call a hospital of poison control center and transport the
victim to a hospital. Atropine is an antidote for cholinesterase
inhibitors but should only be administered by properly trained personnel.
In the absence of this option and if the victim is conscious and not
convulsing, it may be worth considering the risk of inducing vomiting,
even though the induction of vomiting is not usually recommended outside
of a physician's care. Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used to induce
vomiting in such an emergency. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious,
do not give anything by mouth, assure that the victim's airway is open and
lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT
INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. |
| Inhalation |
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh
air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim
to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness
of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide
proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.
Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be
used. |
| Skin |
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and
isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas
thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison
control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation)
develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment
after washing the affected areas. |
| Eyes |
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush
victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes
while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not
put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without
specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim
after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or
irritation) develop. |