Formamide
- Methanamide
- Carbamaldehyde
Formamide | |
| |
| Formula | HCONH2 |
| Structure | |
| Description | Colorless, oily liquid. |
| Uses | Solvent; softener; intermediate in organic synthesis |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 75-12-7 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 200-842-0 |
| EC Index Number | 616-052-00-8 |
| EC Class | Toxic for reproduction Category 2 |
| EC Risk Phrase | R 61 |
| EC Safety Phrase | S 53 45 |
| RTECS | LQ0525000 |
| RTECS class | Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Primary Irritant |
| Merck | 13,4261 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 505995 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-02-00-00045 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-1643 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | CH3NO |
| Formula mass | 45.04 |
| Melting point, °C | 2 |
| Boiling point, °C | 210 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 30 (129 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 1.6 |
| Saturation Concentration | less than 0.22 mg/m3 at 20 C |
| Density | 1.1334 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | Miscible |
| Viscosity | 3.23 cp (25 C) |
| Surface tension | 58.9 g/s2 (20 C) |
| Refractive index | 1.44911 (20 C) |
| Dipole moment | 3.4 D (20 C) |
| Dielectric constant | 109.5 (25 C) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | -1.51 |
| Heat of fusion | 86.7 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 65/3 kJ/mol |
| Heat of combustion | -547 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Do not store in direct sunlight. Keep refrigerated. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. |
| Handling | Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. |
| Protection | Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. |
| Respirators | Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary. |
| Small spills/leaks | Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Wear a self contained breathing apparatus and appropriate Personal protection. (See Exposure Controls, Personal Protection section). Absorb spill using an absorbent, non-combustible material such as earth, sand, or vermiculite. Provide ventilation. |
| Stability | Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions. |
| Incompatibilities | Strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases, aluminum. |
| Decomposition | Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia and/or derivatives. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | 175 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 500 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 19.0 | |||
| Lower exp. limit, % | 2.7 | |||
| Fire fighting | Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Containers may explode when heated. To extinguish fire use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or chemical foam. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. | |||
| Hazards | Toxic fumes emitted on decomposition (carbon monoxide and ammonia), beginning at 180 - 210C. Behavior in Fire: Vapor will burn in air above 310F. | |||
| Combustion products | Toxic fumes emitted on decomposition (carbon monoxide and ammonia), beginning at 180 - 210C. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 2 | ||
| Flammability | 1 | |||
| Reactivity | 0 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | TLV: 10 ppm; 18 mg/m3 (skin) (ACGIH 1996). NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) skin |
| Poison_Class | 3 |
| Exposure effects | Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause adverse reproductive effects. May cause fetal effects. |
| Ingestion | May cause irritation of the digestive tract. |
| Inhalation | Inhalation of high concentrations may cause central nervous system effects characterized by headache, dizziness, unconsciousness and coma. May cause respiratory tract irritation. |
| Skin | Causes skin irritation. |
| Eyes | Causes eye irritation. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Inhalation | Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. |
| Skin | Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. |
| Eyes | Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid. |
| Transport. | ||
| USCG CHRIS Code | FAM | |
| USCG Compatatibility Group | 10 Amides | |
| HS Code | 2924 19 00 | |
| IMO Chemical Code | 18 | |
| IMO Pollution Category | D | |