Iodine | |
| Formula | I2 |
| Structure | |
| Description | Solid iodine is greyish-black to purple with a metallic luster. It has a characteristic, irritating odor. |
| Uses | Catalyst in alkylation & condensation of aromatic amines, in sulfonation & sulfations, manufacture of germicides, antiseptics, important reagent in analytical chemistry, artificial isotopes of iodine are used in biological, biochemical & chemical structure research, reduces friction of hard surfaces, incl stainless steel & glass. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 7553-56-2 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 231-442-4 |
| EC Index Number | 053-001-00-3 |
| EC Class | Harmful; Dangerous for the Environment |
| EC Risk Phrase | R 20/21 50 |
| EC Safety Phrase | S 23 25 61 |
| RTECS | NN1575000 |
| RTECS class | Reproductive Effector; Human Data |
| UN (DOT) | 1759 |
| Merck | 13,5036 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 1160 (G) |
| EPA OPP | 46905 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-1717 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | I2 |
| Formula mass | 253.81 |
| Melting point, °C | 114 |
| Boiling point, °C | 184.3 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 0.31 (25 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 4.4 |
| Saturation Concentration | 400 ppm at 20 C (calc) |
| Critical temperature | 546 |
| Critical pressure | 115 |
| Density | 4.9 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | 100 mg/L |
| Viscosity | 2.27 cp (116C) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 2.49 |
| Heat of fusion | 12.4 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 41.7 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Do not store near combustible materials. Keep away from food and drinking water. Keep away from strong acids. Keep away from metals. Keep away from reducing agents. |
| Handling | Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with clothing and other combustible materials. Do not get on skin or in eyes. Do not ingest or inhale. |
| Protection | Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear impervious gloves. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. |
| Respirators | Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary. |
| Small spills/leaks | Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation. |
| Stability | Stable under normal shipping and handling conditions. |
| Incompatibilities | Powdered aluminum, active metals. Acetylene, acetaldehyde cause explosive reactions. Iodine reacts with ammonium hydroxide to form shock sensitive compounds that are explosive when dry. |
| Decomposition | Hydrogen iodide, iodine. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Fire fighting | Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Material will not burn. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Containers may explode when heated. Extinguishing media: Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Substance is noncombustible; use agent most appropriate to extinguish surrounding fire. | |||
| Fire potential | Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. | |||
| Hazards | Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. | |||
| Combustion products | When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of iodine and various iodine compounds. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 3 | ||
| Flammability | 0 | |||
| Reactivity | 0 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | TLV: 0.1 ppm; 1 mg/m3 as CEILING (ACGIH 1994). OSHA PEL: C 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) NIOSH REL: C 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) NIOSH IDLH: 2 ppm |
| Poison_Class | 2 |
| Exposure effects | Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause adverse reproductive effects. Chronic exposure can lead to iodism characterized by salivation, nasal discharge, sneezing, conjunctivitis, fever, laryngitis, bronchitis, stomatitis, and skin rashes. Chronic exposure can affect thyroid function. May cause kidney damage. |
| Ingestion | May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause kidney damage. May cause burns to the digestive tract. May cause thyroid abnormalities. |
| Inhalation | May cause irritation of the respiratory tract with burning pain in the nose and throat, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and pulmonary edema. May cause epiphoria, which is an excessive flow of tears. |
| Skin | Causes skin burns. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. |
| Eyes | Causes severe eye irritation. May cause eye burns. Vapor or mist may cause irritation and severe burns. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Inhalation | Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. |
| Skin | Get medical aid immediately. Rinse area with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. |
| Eyes | Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1759 | |
| Response guide | 154 | |
| Hazard class | 8 | |
| Packing Group | I; II; III | |
| HS Code | 2801 20 00 | |