N,N-Dimethylformamide
- Dimethylformamide
- DMF
- DMFA
N,N-Dimethylformamide | |
| |
| Formula | HCON(CH3)2 |
| Structure | |
| Description | Colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a fishy, unpleasant odor. |
| Uses | Solvent. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 68-12-2 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 200-679-5 |
| EC Index Number | 616-001-00-X |
| EC Class | Toxic for reproduction Category 2; Harmful; Irritant |
| EC Risk Phrase | R 61 20/21 36 |
| EC Safety Phrase | S 53 45 |
| RTECS | LQ2100000 |
| RTECS class | Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Primary Irritant |
| UN (DOT) | 2265 |
| Merck | 13,3269 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 605365 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-04-00-00171 |
| EPA OPP | 366200 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-1559 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | C3H7NO |
| Formula mass | 73.10 |
| Melting point, °C | -61 |
| Boiling point, °C | 153 |
| Decomposition point, °C | 350 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 2.3 (20 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 2.5 |
| Saturation Concentration | 12 g/m3 at 20 C |
| Evaporization number | 0.17 (butyl acetate=1) |
| Critical temperature | 374 |
| Critical pressure | 44.2 |
| Density | 0.949 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | Miscible |
| Viscosity | 0.82 cp @ 20C |
| Surface tension | 35.2 g/s2 @ 25 C |
| Refractive index | 1.42803 (20 C) |
| Dipole moment | 3.8 D (20 C) |
| Dielectric constant | 36.7 (20 C) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | -1.01 |
| Heat of fusion | 8.05 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 47.0 kJ/mol |
| Heat of combustion | -1915 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Protect against physical damage. Store in a cool, dry well-ventilated location, away from any area where the fire hazard may be acute. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from incompatibles. Containers should be bonded and grounded for transfers to avoid static sparks. Storage and area should be No Smoking areas. |
| WHMIS | B3 D2B |
| Handling | Wash thoroughly after handling. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not ingest or inhale. Use with adequate ventilation. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. |
| Protection | Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. |
| Respirators | A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirator's use. |
| Small spills/leaks | Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Do not flush into a sewer. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Scoop up with a nonsparking tool, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Remove all sources of ignition. Provide ventilation. |
| Disposal code | 1 |
| Stability | Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions. |
| Incompatibilities | Bromine, carbon tetrachloride, chromic anhydride, 2,5-dimethylpyrrole, phosphorus oxychloride, hexachlorobenzene, magnesium nitrate, methylene diisocyanate, phosphorus trioxide, triethyl aluminum, organic nitrates, acidic and alkaline materials, and other halogenated compounds. Contact with iron or strong oxidizers may cause fires and explosions; may react violently with alkyl aluminums. Methylene diisocyanate can polymerize violently on contact with DMF. |
| Decomposition | May form ammonia, carbon oxides, amines, and nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition. Above 350C, DMF begins to degrade with formation of dimethylamine and carbon monoxide. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | 58 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 410 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 16 | |||
| Lower exp. limit, % | 2.2 | |||
| Fire fighting | Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Will burn if involved in a fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Extinguishing media: Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire. In case of fire use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam. | |||
| Fire potential | Flammable liquid and vapor. | |||
| Hazards | Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Containers may explode when heated. | |||
| Combustion products | During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 2 | ||
| Flammability | 2 | |||
| Reactivity | 0 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) [skin] OSHA PEL: TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) [skin] IDLH 500 ppm |
| Poison_Class | 3 |
| Exposure effects | Repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. Repeated or prolonged exposure to vapors may cause damage to the liver and kidney. |
| Ingestion | Causes irritation to the gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms parallel inhalation. Fatal dose estimated at 10 g. |
| Inhalation | Causes irritation to respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing, shortness of breath. Causes liver, kidney, cardiovascular system and central nervous system disorders. May cause abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, weakness, dizziness, headache, constipation, vomiting, diarrhea, increased blood pressure anxiety, and palpitations. A flushing of the face and skin may occur, especially with coincident ingestion of alcoholic beverages. |
| Skin | Causes irritation to skin. Symptoms include redness, itching and pain. Can cause skin problems. Absorption through the skin can readily occur, resulting in symptoms paralleling inhalation. |
| Eyes | Causes irritation, redness, and pain. May cause severe irritation and blurred vision. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid. Induce vomiting by giving one teaspoon of Syrup of Ipecac. |
| Inhalation | Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask. |
| Skin | Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. |
| Eyes | Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 2265 | |
| Response guide | 129 | |
| Hazard class | 3 | |
| Packing Group | III | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | DMF | |
| USCG Compatatibility Group | 10 Amides | |
| HS Code | 2924 19 00 | |
| Std. Transport # | 4909135 | |
| IMO Chemical Code | 17 | |
| IMO Pollution Category | D | |
| IMO Hazard code | S | |