Naphthalene

  • Naphthalene, crude
  • Naphthalene, refined
  • Tar camphor
  • White-tar
  • Mothballs
  • Naphthaliin
Formula C10H8
Structure
Description White crystalline solid with distinctive odor of mothballs or coal tar.
Uses Manufacture of phthalic & anthranilic acids, naphthols, naphthylamines, sulfonic acid, synthetic resins, celluloid, lampblack, smokeless powder, hydronaphthalenes, insecticide.

Registry Numbers and Inventories.
CAS 91-20-3
EC (EINECS/ELINCS) 202-049-5
EC Index Number 601-052-00-2
EC Class Harmful; Dangerous for the Environment
EC Risk Phrase R 22 50/53
EC Safety Phrase S 36/37 60 61
RTECS QJ0525000
RTECS class Agricultural Chemical and Pesticide; Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data; Primary Irritant
UN (DOT) 1334
Merck 12,6457
Beilstein/Gmelin 1421310
Beilstein Reference 4-05-00-01640
RCRA U165
EPA OPP 55801
Swiss Giftliste 1 G-2069
Canada DSL/NDSL DSL
US TSCA Listed
Austrailia AICS Listed
New Zealand Listed
Japan ENCS (MITI) Listed
Korea ECL Listed

Odor Threshold Odor threshold 0.084 ppm
Properties.
Formula C10H8
Formula mass 128.16
Melting point, °C 80
Boiling point, °C 218
Vapor pressure, mmHg 0.08 (25 C)
Vapor density (air=1) 4.42
Saturation Concentration 100 ppm at 25 C
Evaporization number <1 (butyl acetate=1)
Critical temperature 475
Critical pressure 40.0
Density 0.979 g/cm3 (80 C)
Solubility in water 30 mg/L (20 C)
Viscosity 0.886 cp (80 C)
Surface tension 31.8 g/s2
Refractive index 1.58212 (20 C)
Dipole moment 0.92 D
Dielectric constant 3.22 (81 C)
Partition coefficient, pKow 3.30
Heat of fusion 18.8 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization 43.5 kJ/mol
Heat of combustion -5196

Hazards and Protection.
Storage Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Store protected from moisture.
WHMIS B4 D2B
Handling Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Keep container tightly closed. Do not ingest or inhale. Use only in a chemical fume hood.
Protection Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators A half-face respirator with an organic vapor cartridge and particulate filter (NIOSH type P95 or R95 filter) may be worn for up to ten times the exposure limit or the maximum use concentration specified by the appropriate regulatory agency or respirator supplier, whichever is lowest. A full-face piece respirator with an organic vapor cartridge and particulate filter (NIOSH P100 or R100 filter) may be worn up to 50 times the exposure limit, or the maximum use concentration specified by the appropriate regulatory agency or respirator supplier, whichever is lowest. Please note that N series filters are not recommended for this material. For emergencies or instances where the exposure levels are not known, use a full-face piece positive-pressure, air-supplied respirator.
Small spills/leaks Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Scoop up with a nonsparking tool, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Remove all sources of ignition.
Disposal code 3
Stability Stable at room temperature in sealed containers. Sublimes appreciably at temperatures above melting point.
Incompatibilities Strong oxidizers, strong alkalis and strong mineral acids, mixtures of aluminum trichloride and benzoyl chloride. Reacts violently with chromic anhydride.
Decomposition Carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide.

Fire.
Flash Point,°C 87
Autoignition, °C 526
Upper exp. limit, % 5.9
Lower exp. limit, % 0.9
Fire fighting Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Water runoff can cause environmental damage. Dike and collect water used to fight fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Dust can be an explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. May be ignited by friction, heat, sparks, or flame. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Containers may explode when heated. Extinguishing media: Use dry sand or earth to smother fire. Water or foam may cause frothing. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.
Fire potential Flammable/combustible material.
Hazards May be ignited by friction, heat, sparks or flames. Some may burn rapidly with flare burning effect. Powders, dusts, shavings, borings, turnings or cuttings may explode or burn with explosive violence. Substance may be transported in a molten form. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished.
Combustion products Toxic vapors given off in a fire.
NFPA Health 2
  Flammability 2  
  Reactivity 0  

Health.
Exposure limit(s) NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (50 mg/m3) ST 15 ppm (75 mg/m3) OSHA PEL: TWA 10 ppm (50 mg/m3) IDLH 250 ppm
Poison_Class 3
Exposure effects Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause anemia and other blood cell abnormalities. Animal studies have reported that fetal effects/abnormalities may occur when maternal toxicity is seen. Effects may be delayed. Chronic exposure may cause lung damage. Laboratory experiments have resulted in mutagenic effects. Chronic exposure may cause corneal injury, optical neuritis, blurred vision, and possible cataract formation.
   Ingestion Toxic. Can cause headache, profuse perspiration, listlessness, dark urine, nausea, vomiting and disorientation. Intravascular hemolysis may also occur with symptoms similar to those noted for inhalation. Severe cases may produce coma with or without convulsions. Death may result from renal failure
   Inhalation Inhalation of dust or vapors can cause headache, nausea, vomiting, extensive sweating, and disorientation. The predominant reaction is delayed intravascular hemolysis with symptoms of anemia, fever, jaundice, and kidney or liver damage.
   Skin Causes mild skin irritation. May be absorbed through the skin in harmful amounts. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material.
   Eyes Vapors and solid causes irritation, redness and pain. Very high exposures can damage the nerves of the eye.

First aid		  
   Ingestion Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
   Inhalation Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask.
   Skin Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
   Eyes Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.

Transport.
UN number 1334
Response guide 133
Hazard class 4.1
Packing Group III  
USCG CHRIS Code NTM  
USCG Compatatibility Group 32 Aromatic hydrocarbons
HS Code 2902 90 10  
Std. Transport # 4917459 4917473  
IMO Chemical Code 17
IMO Pollution Category A
IMO Hazard code S/P