Nitroethane | |
| Formula | CH3CH2NO2 |
| Structure | |
| Description | Colorless liquid with a mild, fruity odor. |
| Uses | Solvent for cellulose esters, vinyl, alkylated & other resins & waxes. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 79-24-3 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 201-188-9 |
| EC Index Number | 609-035-00-1 |
| EC Class | Flammable; Harmful |
| EC Risk Phrase | R 10 20/22 |
| EC Safety Phrase | S 9 25 41 |
| RTECS | KI5600000 |
| RTECS class | Mutagen; Human Data |
| UN (DOT) | 2842 |
| Merck | 12,6694 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 1209324 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-01-00-00170 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-2637 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | C2H5NO2 |
| Formula mass | 75.07 |
| Melting point, °C | -90 |
| Boiling point, °C | 114 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 15.6 (20 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 2.58 |
| Saturation Concentration | About 20500 ppm (2.05%) at 25 C (calculated) |
| Evaporization number | 1.2 (butyl acetate = 1) |
| Critical temperature | 388 |
| Density | 1.0478 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | 45 g/L |
| Viscosity | 0.661 cp at 25C |
| Surface tension | 32.66 g/s2 at 20 C |
| Refractive index | 1.3917 (20 C) |
| Dielectric constant | 28 (30 C) |
| pKa/pKb | 8.6 (pKa) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 0.18 |
| Heat of vaporization | 41.6 kJ/mol |
| Heat of combustion | -1362 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Flammables-area. Store protected from moisture. |
| WHMIS | B2 |
| Handling | Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Use only in a chemical fume hood. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. Keep from contact with moist air and steam. |
| Protection | Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. |
| Respirators | A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirator's use. |
| Small spills/leaks | Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Cover with sand, dry lime or soda ash and place in a closed container for disposal. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. |
| Stability | Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions. May explode when heated. Hygroscopic: absorbs moisture or water from the air. |
| Incompatibilities | Moisture, water, amines, bases, strong acids, stong alkalies, strong oxidizing agents, hydrocarbons, combustible materials, metal oxides, hydroxides, plastics, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide. |
| Decomposition | Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide, nitrogen. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | 29 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 410 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 17.3 | |||
| Lower exp. limit, % | 3.4 | |||
| Fire fighting | Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Will burn if involved in a fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. May explode when heated. Extinguishing media: Use alcohol foam, carbon dioxide, or water spray when fighting fires involving this material. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. Do NOT use dry chemical. Do NOT use straight streams of water. | |||
| Fire potential | HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. | |||
| Hazards | Flashback along vapor trail may occur. | |||
| Combustion products | Toxic oxides of nitrogen may form in fire. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 2 | ||
| Flammability | 3 | |||
| Reactivity | 3 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | TLV: 100 ppm; 307 mg/m3 (as TWA) (ACGIH 1991-1992). PDK: 30 mg/m3 (USSR 1988). OSHA PEL: TWA 100 ppm (310 mg/m3) NIOSH REL: TWA 100 ppm (310 mg/m3) NIOSH IDLH: 1000 ppm |
| Poison_Class | 4 |
| Exposure effects | Effects may be delayed. |
| Ingestion | May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, breath shortness, cyanosis with bluish skin, rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown colored blood. Ingestion of large amounts may cause CNS depression. May be harmful if swallowed. May form methemoglobin which in sufficient concentration causes cyanosis. |
| Inhalation | Causes respiratory tract irritation. Aspiration may lead to pulmonary edema. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. May cause burning sensation in the chest. |
| Skin | Causes skin irritation. May cause dermatitis. May cause cyanosis of the extremities. |
| Eyes | Causes eye irritation. May cause chemical conjunctivitis and corneal damage. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. |
| Inhalation | Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do not use mouth-to-mouth respiration if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. |
| Skin | Get medical aid immediately. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. |
| Eyes | Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 2842 | |
| Response guide | 129 | |
| Hazard class | 3 | |
| Packing Group | III | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | NTE | |
| USCG Compatatibility Group | 42 Nitrocompounds | |
| HS Code | 2904 20 00 | |
| Std. Transport # | 4909192 | |
| IMO Chemical Code | 17 | |
| IMO Pollution Category | D | |
| IMO Hazard code | S | |