Nitromethane
- Nitrocarbol
Nitromethane | |
| |
| Formula | CH3NO2 |
| Structure | |
| Description | Colorless, oily liquid with a mild, fruity odor. |
| Uses | Rocket fuel, solvent for zein, used in coating industry. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 75-52-5 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 200-876-6 |
| EC Index Number | 609-036-00-7 |
| EC Class | Heating may cause an explosion, flammable; Harmful |
| EC Risk Phrase | R 5 10 22 |
| EC Safety Phrase | S 41 |
| RTECS | PA9800000 |
| RTECS class | Tumorigen |
| UN (DOT) | 1261 |
| Merck | 12,6708 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 1698205 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-01-00-00100 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-2056 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | CH3NO2 |
| Formula mass | 61.04 |
| Melting point, °C | -29 |
| Boiling point, °C | 101.2 |
| Decomposition point, °C | 160 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 28 (20 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 2.1 |
| Saturation Concentration | 36000 ppm (3.6%) at 20 C; 47000 ppm (4.7%) at 25 C (calculated) |
| Evaporization number | 1.39 (n-butyl acetate = 1) |
| Critical temperature | 315 |
| Critical pressure | 62.3 |
| Density | 1.138 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | 100 g/L |
| Viscosity | 0.647 cp @ 20C |
| Surface tension | 37.0 g/s2 @ 20 C |
| Refractive index | 1.38056 (20 C) |
| Dipole moment | 3.1 D (20 C) |
| Dielectric constant | 35.9 (30 C) |
| Heat of fusion | 9.71 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 38.4 kJ/mol |
| Heat of combustion | -711 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Flammables-area. |
| WHMIS | B2 D2A F |
| Handling | Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not ingest or inhale. Avoid mechanical shock and friction. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. |
| Protection | Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves and clothing to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to minimize contact with skin. |
| Respirators | Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary. |
| Small spills/leaks | Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Wash area with soap and water. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Wear a self contained breathing apparatus and appropriate Personal protection. (See Exposure Controls, Personal Protection section). Scoop up with a nonsparking tool, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Remove all sources of ignition. Absorb spill using an absorbent, non-combustible material such as earth, sand, or vermiculite. Provide ventilation. |
| Stability | Substance is shock sensitive and thermally unstable. Substance forms an explosive sodium salt which bursts into flame on contact with water. |
| Incompatibilities | Acetone, alkyl metal halides, aluminum chloride + organic matter, aniline, calcium hydroxide, calcium hypochlorite, diaminoethane, formaldehyde, formic acid, hexamethylbenzene, hydrocarbons, hydroxides, inorganic bases, lithium perchlorate, methylamine, morpholine, nitric acid, organic amines, phosphoric acid, potassium hydroxide, silver nitrate (aqueous), sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid. |
| Decomposition | Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | 35.6 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 418 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 63.0 | |||
| Lower exp. limit, % | 7.3 | |||
| Fire fighting | Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. | |||
| Fire potential | Dangerous, when exposed to heat; oxidizers or flame | |||
| Hazards | Containers may explode | |||
| Combustion products | Combustion may produce oxides of nitrogen and other irritants and toxic gases. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 2 | ||
| Flammability | 3 | |||
| Reactivity | 4 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | TLV: 20 ppm; 50 mg/m3 (ACGIH 1996). OSHA PEL: TWA 100 ppm (250 mg/m3) NIOSH REL: See Appendix D NIOSH IDLH: 750 ppm |
| Carcinogin | G-A3, I-2B, CP65 |
| Poison_Class | 4 |
| Exposure effects | Possible cancer hazard based on tests with laboratory animals. Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. May cause methemoglobinemia, which is characterized by chocolate-brown colored blood, headache, weakness, dizziness, breath shortness, cyanosis, rapid heart rate, unconsciousness and possible death. |
| Ingestion | May cause central nervous system depression, kidney damage, and liver damage. May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, breath shortness, cyanosis with bluish skin, rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown colored blood. Overexposure may cause methemoglobinemia. May be harmful if swallowed. |
| Inhalation | May cause respiratory tract irritation. May cause effects similar to those described for ingestion. May cause pulmonary edema and severe respiratory disturbances. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, breath shortness, cyanosis with bluish skin, rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown blood. |
| Skin | Exposure may cause irritation characterized by redness, dryness, and inflammation. |
| Eyes | May cause eye irritation. Vapors may cause eye irritation. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Possible aspiration hazard. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Inhalation | Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. |
| Skin | Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists. Wash clothing before reuse. |
| Eyes | Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid. Do NOT allow victim to rub or keep eyes closed. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1261 | |
| Response guide | 129 | |
| Hazard class | 3 | |
| Packing Group | II | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | NMT | |
| USCG Compatatibility Group | 42 Nitrocompounds | |
| HS Code | 2904 20 00 | |
| Std. Transport # | 4907030 | |
| IMO Pollution Category | C | |