Phosphine
- Hydrogen phosphide
- Phosphorous hydride
- Phosphorated hydrogen
Phosphine | |
| |
| Formula | PH3 |
| Structure | |
| Description | A colorless gas with a disagreeable odor of fish or garlic. |
| Uses | Insecticide used for fumigation of animal feed, leaf stored tobacco, box cars, & used for rodent control. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 7803-51-2 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 232-260-8 |
| EC Index Number | 015-181-00-1 |
| RTECS | SY7525000 |
| RTECS class | Agricultural Chemical and Pesticide; Mutagen; Human Data |
| UN (DOT) | 2199 |
| Merck | 12,7494 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 287 (G) |
| RCRA | P096 |
| EPA OPP | 66500 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-2048 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | H3P |
| Formula mass | 34 |
| Melting point, °C | -132.8 |
| Boiling point, °C | -87.4 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 15200 (7 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 1.17 |
| Critical pressure | 65 |
| Density | 0.746 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | Slightly soluble |
| Viscosity | 0.00011 P (0 C) |
| Dipole moment | 1.35 D |
| Dielectric constant | 2.91 (20 C) |
| Thermal expansion | 0.00379/K (0C) |
| Heat of fusion | 1.1 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 15.3 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder. Keep away from incompatible materials, ignition sources and untrained individuals. Secure and label area. Protect containers/cylinders from physical damage. |
| Handling | All chemicals should be considered hazardous. Avoid direct physical contact. Use appropriate, approved safety equipment. Untrained individuals should not handle this chemical or its container. Handling should occur in a chemical fume hood. |
| Protection | Wear appropriate protective gloves, clothing and goggles -- as recommended by the manufacturer. Always wear thermal protective clothing when handling refrigerated/cryogenic liquids. |
| Respirators | Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| Small spills/leaks | Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. |
| Stability | Explosive with pure oxygen. Container may explode in heat of fire. Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors, or in sewers. can be detonated by powerful initiation. |
| Incompatibilities | Reacts violently with boron trichloride, dichlorine oxide, halogens (bromine, chlorine, iodine), metal nitrates, nitrogen oxides, nitric acid, nitrous acid, nitrogen trichloride. |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition, emits toxic fumes of phosphorus oxides. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Autoignition, °C | 38 | |||
| Lower exp. limit, % | 1.8 | |||
| Fire fighting | Wear full protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus, rubber gloves, boots, and bands around legs, arms, and waist. No skin surface should be exposed. For massive fires in cargo areas, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Move containers from fire area.If material is on fire or involved in a fire, do not extinguish unless flow can be stopped; use water in flooding quantities as fog; cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water; apply water from as far a distance as possible; solid streams of water may be ineffective; use alcohol foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical. | |||
| Fire potential | Extremely flammable. May be ignited by heat, sparks, and flames; flammable vapor may spread away from spill. The heat that accompanies combustion is so exothermic that fires that involve phosphine spread to surrounding materials rapidly. | |||
| Hazards | Phosphine can explode with powerful oxidizers. The gas is heavier than air and may travel along the ground to an ignition source. Container may explode in heat of fire. When heated to decomposition, it emits highly toxic fumes of phosphorus oxides. Reacts violently with: air; boron trichloride; bromine; chlorine; chlorine monoxide; nitric acid; nitric oxide; nitrous oxide; nitrogen trioxide; silver nitrate; nitrous acid; mercuric nitrate; nitrogen trichloride; oxygen; and (potassium plus ammonia). Stable up to 131F. May become unstable at high temperatures. | |||
| Combustion products | Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 4 | ||
| Flammability | 4 | |||
| Reactivity | 2 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | OSHA PEL: TWA 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m3) NIOSH REL: TWA 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m3) ST 1 ppm (1 mg/m3) NIOSH IDLH: 50 ppm |
| Poison_Class | 1 |
| Exposure effects | Rapid heart rate and abnormally low blood pressure may occur. Dizziness, headache, fatigue, stupor, restlessness, ataxia, seizures, and coma may be noted. |
| Ingestion | Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea may occur. |
| Inhalation | Mucous membrane irritation, shortness of breath, cough, sputum production chest tightness, dyspnea, ards, and delayed onset of pulmonary edema may occur. |
| Skin | Sweating and cyanosis have been seen. |
| Eyes | Irritation of the mucous membranes may be noted. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | The possible benefit of early removal of some ingested material by cautious gastric lavage must be weighed against potential complications of bleeding or perforation. Activated charcoal activated charcoal binds most toxic agents and can decrease their systemic absorption if administered soon after ingestion. Activated charcoal: administer charcoal as a slurry (240 ml water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in adults/adolescents. |
| Inhalation | Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with beta2 agonist and corticosteroid aerosols. |
| Skin | Treatment should include recommendations listed in the oral exposure section when appropriate. |
| Eyes | Immediately flush with running water for at least 20 minutes. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 2199 | |
| Response guide | 119 | |
| Hazard class | 2.3 | |
| PRTC | T | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | PHP | |
| Std. Transport # | 4920160 | |