Propionic acid
- Ethanecarboxylic acid
- Propanoic acid
- Methylacetic acid
- Ethylformic acid
- Carboxyethane
Propionic acid | |
| |
| Formula | CH3CH2COOH |
| Structure | |
| Description | Clear, colorless, oily liquid, pungent, rancid, acrid, irritating, disagreeable odor. |
| Uses | Used as a mold inhibitor in bread and as an ingredient in perfume. Found in sweat and dairy products. Use as a chemical intermediate for pesticides and pharmaceuticals. |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 79-09-4 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 201-176-3 |
| EC Index Number | 607-089-00-0 |
| EC Class | Corrosive |
| EC Risk Phrase | R 34 |
| EC Safety Phrase | S 23 36 45 |
| RTECS | UE5950000 |
| RTECS class | Agricultural Chemical and Pesticide; Mutagen; Primary Irritant |
| UN (DOT) | 1848 |
| Merck | 12,8010 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 506071 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-02-00-00695 |
| EPA OPP | 77702 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-2790 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | C3H6O2 |
| Formula mass | 74.08 |
| Melting point, °C | -21 |
| Boiling point, °C | 141 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 3 (25 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 2.56 |
| Saturation Concentration | 0.32 to 0.4% at 20 C |
| Evaporization number | 0.24 (butyl acetate=1) |
| Critical temperature | 328 |
| Critical pressure | 44.71 |
| Density | 0.99 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | Miscible |
| Viscosity | 1.03 cp (25 C) |
| Surface tension | 27.21 g/s2 @ 15 C |
| Refractive index | 1.3848 (20 C) |
| Dipole moment | 1.55 D |
| Dielectric constant | 3.12 (19 C) |
| pKa/pKb | 4.87 (pKa) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 0.33 |
| Heat of fusion | 10.7 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 57.3 kJ/mol |
| Heat of combustion | -1528.3 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Keep container closed when not in use. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Flammables-area. Do not store in steel container. |
| WHMIS | B3 D1B E |
| Handling | Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Do not get on skin or in eyes. Do not ingest or inhale. Use only in a chemical fume hood. Discard contaminated shoes. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. |
| Protection | Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. |
| Respirators | A full facepiece respirator with organic vapor cartridge may be worn up to 50 times the exposure limit or the maximum use concentration specified by the appropriate regulatory agency or respirator supplier, whichever is lowest. For emergencies or instances where the exposure levels are not known, use a full-facepiece positive-pressure, air-supplied respirator. |
| Small spills/leaks | Use water spray to dilute spill to a non-flammable mixture. Large spills may be neutralized with dilute alkaline solutions of soda ash, or lime. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Cover with sand, dry lime or soda ash and place in a closed container for disposal. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. |
| Disposal code | 4 |
| Stability | Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. |
| Incompatibilities | Oxidizing agents, reducing agents, bases, steel, caustics, chromium trioxide, alkalis. |
| Decomposition | Carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | 52 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 475 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 15 | |||
| Lower exp. limit, % | 3 | |||
| Fire fighting | Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Water may be ineffective. Material is lighter than water and a fire may be spread by the use of water. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Extinguishing media: Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. Do NOT use straight streams of water. In case of fire, use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or alcohol-resistant foam. | |||
| Fire potential | Flammable/combustible material. | |||
| Hazards | May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. May polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. | |||
| Combustion products | Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 3 | ||
| Flammability | 2 | |||
| Reactivity | 0 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | ACGIH Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 10 ppm (TWA) |
| Poison_Class | 3 |
| Exposure effects | Repeated exposure may cause breathing difficulties. |
| Ingestion | Material causes irritation and burns to digestive tract. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. |
| Inhalation | Causes irritation with unpleasant choking odor. Causes coughing and sneezing, possibly breathing difficulties in large amounts. |
| Skin | Causes severe irritation. May have corrosive effects, producing skin burns. Skin absorption may occur with toxic effects. |
| Eyes | Corrosive. Causes severe eye irritation and burns. May cause redness, pain, blurred vision, and eye damage. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Inhalation | Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask. |
| Skin | Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Destroy contaminated shoes. |
| Eyes | Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT allow victim to rub or keep eyes closed. Extensive irrigation is required (at least 30 minutes). |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1848 | |
| Response guide | 132 | |
| Hazard class | 8 | |
| Packing Group | III | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | PNA | |
| USCG Compatatibility Group | 4 Organic acids | |
| HS Code | 2915 50 00 | |
| Std. Transport # | 4931447 | |
| IMO Chemical Code | 17 | |
| IMO Pollution Category | D | |
| IMO Hazard code | S | |