Tetraethyllead
- Lead tetraethyl
- TEL
- Tetraethyl plumbane
Tetraethyllead | |
| |
| Formula | Pb(C2H5)4 |
| Structure | |
| Description | A colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. |
| Uses | Antiknock agent in leaded gas (has been largely replaced by methyl-tert-butyl ether). |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 78-00-2 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 201-075-4 |
| RTECS | TP4550000 |
| RTECS class | Tumorigen; Organometallic; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data |
| UN (DOT) | 1649 |
| Merck | 12,9343 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 3903146 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-04-00-04349 |
| RCRA | P110 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-1275 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | C8H20Pb |
| Formula mass | 323.45 |
| Melting point, °C | -130.21 |
| Boiling point, °C | 200 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 0.24 (25 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 8.6 |
| Density | 1.62 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | 0.2 mg/L |
| Viscosity | 0.86 cp (20 C) |
| Surface tension | 28.48 g/s2 (20 C) |
| Refractive index | 1.50934 |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 4.15 |
| Heat of fusion | 8.8 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 65.6 kJ/mol |
| Heat of combustion | -5855 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder. Keep away from incompatible materials, ignition sources and untrained individuals. Secure and label area. Protect containers/cylinders from physical damage. |
| Handling | All chemicals should be considered hazardous. Avoid direct physical contact. Use appropriate, approved safety equipment. Untrained individuals should not handle this chemical or its container. Handling should occur in a chemical fume hood. |
| Protection | Wear appropriate protective gloves, clothing and goggles. |
| Respirators | Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| Small spills/leaks | Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. |
| Stability | Reactive under confinement, extreme caution. |
| Incompatibilities | Reacts with fats; |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | 93.3 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 110 | |||
| Lower exp. limit, % | 1.8 | |||
| Fire fighting | Fire fighting should be done from an explosive-resistant location. Use water from unmanned monitors and hose-holders to keep fire-exposed containers cool. When stopping leak, use water spray to protect firefighters. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.Water spray may be used because the material can be cooled below its flash point. | |||
| Fire potential | Moderately flammable. | |||
| Hazards | May explode in fires. Decomposes slowly at room temperature and more rapidly at elevated temperatures. | |||
| Combustion products | Combustion products are carbon dioxide, water, and lead. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 3 | ||
| Flammability | 2 | |||
| Reactivity | 2 | |||
| Special | W | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | OSHA PEL: TWA 0.075 mg/m3 skin NIOSH REL: TWA 0.075 mg/m3 skin NIOSH IDLH: 40 mg/m3 (as Pb) |
| Poison_Class | 1 |
| Exposure effects | Reduced body temperature, fever, low heart rate, abnormally low blood pressure and irregular breathing have been reported following acute exposure. Clinical neurologic effects of tel intoxication can be divided into mild, moderate, and severe. They usually occur within 1 to 5 days, or as long as 14 days post exposure. Mild - anxiety, irritability, insomnia, lurid dreams, lassitude, metallic taste, and cerebellar ataxia. Moderate - disorientation, hyperexcitability, hyperreflexia, lurid dreams, tremors, and chorea. Severe - delusions, hallucinations, mania, seizures, cerebral edema, coma, and death. In contrast to inorganic lead, which is a known human reproductive hazard and also has many reproductive effects in animals, the effect of TEL on human and animal reproduction, if any, is much less clear. |
| Ingestion | Tel intoxication usually lacks the common gi manifestations of inorganic lead intoxication. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss have been seen after acute exposure. |
| Inhalation | Inhalation of tel vapors can be fatal. Upper respiratory tract irritation and sneezing may follow dust exposure. Irregular respirations are a non-specific finding. |
| Skin | Skin absorption of tel can occur. Pallor may be observed following acute exposure. |
| Eyes | See inhalation. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | The possible benefit of early removal of some ingested material by cautious gastric lavage must be weighed against potential complications of bleeding or perforation. Activated charcoal activated charcoal binds most toxic agents and can decrease their systemic absorption if administered soon after ingestion. Activated charcoal: administer charcoal as a slurry (240 ml water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in adults/adolescents. |
| Inhalation | Move victim to fresh air. Apply artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. |
| Skin | Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician should examine the area if irritation or pain persists. |
| Eyes | Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1649 | |
| Response guide | 131 | |
| Hazard class | 6.1 | |
| Packing Group | I | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | TEL | |
| Std. Transport # | 4921484 | |
| IMO Chemical Code | 17 | |