Vinylidene chloride
- 1,1-Dichloroethylene
- 1,1-Dichloroethene
- VDC
Vinylidene chloride | |
| |
| Formula | Cl2C=CH2 |
| Structure | |
| Description | Clear, colorless liquid, mild, sweet, chloroform-like odor. |
| Uses | Intermediate in the production of vinylidene polymer plasticsā such as Saran (Dow). |
| Registry Numbers and Inventories. | |
| CAS | 75-35-4 |
| EC (EINECS/ELINCS) | 200-864-0 |
| EC Index Number | 602-025-00-8 |
| EC Class | Extremely flammable; Harmful |
| EC Risk Phrase | R 12 19 20 68 |
| EC Safety Phrase | S 7 16 29 |
| RTECS | KV9275000 |
| RTECS class | Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data |
| UN (DOT) | 1303 |
| Merck | 12,10134 |
| Beilstein/Gmelin | 1733365 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4-01-00-00706 |
| RCRA | U078 |
| EPA OPP | 600033 |
| Swiss Giftliste 1 | G-1521 |
| Canada DSL/NDSL | DSL |
| US TSCA | Listed |
| Austrailia AICS | Listed |
| New Zealand | Listed |
| Japan ENCS (MITI) | Listed |
| Korea ECL | Listed |
| Properties. | |
| Formula | C2H2Cl2 |
| Formula mass | 96.94 |
| Melting point, °C | -122 |
| Boiling point, °C | 31.7 |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg | 600 (25 C) |
| Vapor density (air=1) | 3.4 |
| Saturation Concentration | 66% (20 C) |
| Critical temperature | 220.8 |
| Critical pressure | 51.4 |
| Density | 1.21 g/cm3 (20 C) |
| Solubility in water | 400 mg/L (20 C) |
| Viscosity | 0.3302 cp at 20C |
| Surface tension | 24 g/s2 @ 15 C (inhibited) |
| Refractive index | 1.4249 (20 C) |
| Dipole moment | 1.4 D |
| Dielectric constant | 4.82 (20 C) |
| Partition coefficient, pKow | 2.13 |
| Thermal expansion | 0.0013/K |
| Heat of fusion | 65.2 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization | 26.5 kJ/mol |
| Heat of combustion | -1096 kJ/mol |
| Hazards and Protection. | |
| Storage | Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Do not store in direct sunlight. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Flammables-area. Refrigerator (approx 4 C). Do not expose to air. Do not store in aluminum containers. Store under an inert atmosphere. Do not store in copper or copper alloy storage vessels. |
| WHMIS | B2 D1B F |
| Handling | Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well ventilated area. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Do not ingest or inhale. Handle under an inert atmosphere. Store protected from air. This product may be under pressure; cool before opening. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. |
| Protection | Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. |
| Respirators | A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirator's use. |
| Small spills/leaks | Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. Place under an inert atmosphere. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. |
| Disposal code | 2 |
| Stability | Peroxide formation may occur in containers that have been opened and remain in storage. May form explosive peroxides on contact with air or may undergo hazardous polymerization without an inhibitor. |
| Incompatibilities | Strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, aluminum, copper, copper alloys, oxygen, ozone, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, aluminum alloys. |
| Decomposition | Hydrogen chloride, phosgene, carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, white polymeric powder. |
| Fire. | ||||
| Flash Point,°C | -28 | |||
| Autoignition, °C | 570 | |||
| Upper exp. limit, % | 15.5 | |||
| Lower exp. limit, % | 6.5 | |||
| Fire fighting | ear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Extinguishing media: For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. For large fires, use water spray, fog or alcohol resistant foam. | |||
| Fire potential | Extremely flammable liquid and vapor. | |||
| Hazards | Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to source of ignition and flash back. | |||
| Combustion products | Toxic hydrogen chloride and phosgene are generated in fires. | |||
| NFPA | Health | 4 | ||
| Flammability | 4 | |||
| Reactivity | 2 | |||
| Health. | |
| Exposure limit(s) | TLV: 5 ppm; 20 mg/m3 (STEL): 20 ppm; 79 mg/m3 (ACGIH 1992-1993). NIOSH REL: Ca See Appendix A |
| Poison_Class | 1 |
| Exposure effects | May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause reproductive and fetal effects. Animal inhalation studies have reported the development of tumors. Effects may be delayed. Chronic exposure may cause lung damage. Laboratory experiments have resulted in mutagenic effects. |
| Ingestion | Harmful if swallowed. Possible aspiration hazard. |
| Inhalation | May cause liver and kidney damage. Causes irritation of the mucous membrane and upper respiratory tract. Vinylidene chloride is highly volatile. Its odor is not adequate as a warning characteristic. Overexposure produces central nervous system depression. Central nervous system depression, with accompanying symptoms of inebriation that may have progressed to unconsciousness, has been observed in humans acutely exposed at concentrations of approximately 4000 ppm VDC. Complete recovery occurred if exposure was of short duration. |
| Skin | Causes skin irritation. Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause severe exacerbation. A single prolonged skin exposure is not likely to result in the material being absorbed in harmful amounts. Vinylidene chloride can be difficult to remove from belts, shoes, watchbands, and other leather items. Chemical burns may result if removal is not complete; therefore, contaminated leather goods should be destroyed. |
| Eyes | Causes eye irritation. Vinylidene chloride is moderately irritating to the eyes. Contact can cause pain, irritation of the eyelids, iritis, and slight corneal injury. Permanent damage is unlikely. |
First aid |
|
| Ingestion | Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Inhalation | Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask. |
| Skin | Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. |
| Eyes | Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. |
| Transport. | ||
| UN number | 1303 | |
| Response guide | 129 | |
| Hazard class | 3 | |
| Packing Group | I | |
| USCG CHRIS Code | VCI | |
| USCG Compatatibility Group | 35 Vinyl halides | |
| HS Code | 2903 29 00 | |
| Std. Transport # | 4907280 | |
| IMO Pollution Category | D | |
| IMO Hazard code | S | |