p-Nitrochlorobenzene

  • 4-Chloronitrobenzene
  • p-Chloronitrobenzene
  • 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene
Formula C6H4ClNO2
Structure
Description Light yellow crystalline solid. Sweet odor.
Uses p-Chloronitrobenzene is used to manufacture p-nitrophenol, p-nitroaniline, p-aminophenol, phenacetin, acetominophen, parathion and other agricultural chemicals, rubber chemicals, antioxidants, oil additives and dapsone (an antimalarial drug).

Registry Numbers and Inventories.
CAS 100-00-5
EC (EINECS/ELINCS) 202-809-6
EC Index Number 610-005-00-5
EC Class Toxic; Danger of cumulative effects; Dangerous for the Environment
EC Risk Phrase R 23/24/25 33 51/53
EC Safety Phrase S 28 36/37 45 61
RTECS CZ1050000
RTECS class Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector
UN (DOT) 1578
Merck 13,2170
Beilstein/Gmelin 508691
Beilstein Reference 4-05-00-00723
Swiss Giftliste 1 G-2641
Canada DSL/NDSL DSL
US TSCA Listed
Austrailia AICS Listed
New Zealand Listed
Japan ENCS (MITI) Listed
Korea ECL Listed

Properties.
Formula C6H4ClNO2
Formula mass 157.56
Melting point, °C 83
Boiling point, °C 239
Vapor pressure, mmHg 0.09 (25 C)
Vapor density (air=1) 5.44
Critical temperature 478
Critical pressure 3928
Density 1.52 g/cm3 (20 C)
Solubility in water 0.21 g/L (20 C)
Viscosity 1.07x10-3 pa-s @ 356.65 deg K
Surface tension 34.3 g/s2 (90 C)
Refractive index 1.5376 (100 C)
Partition coefficient, pKow 2.39
Heat of vaporization 62.1 kJ/mol
Heat of combustion -2909 kJ/mol

Hazards and Protection.
Storage Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Keep containers tightly closed.
Handling Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well ventilated area. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Do not ingest or inhale.
Protection Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves and clothing to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to minimize contact with skin.
Respirators Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.
Small spills/leaks Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Sweep up, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Remove all sources of ignition. Provide ventilation.
Disposal code 9
Stability Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Incompatibilities Oxidizing agents.
Decomposition Hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide, nitrogen.

Fire.
Flash Point,°C 95
Autoignition, °C 515
Upper exp. limit, % 8.8
Fire fighting Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Containers may explode when heated. To extinguish fire, use water, dry chemical, chemical foam, or alcohol-resistant foam. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Fire potential This compound is combustible.
Hazards Containers may explode when heated.
Combustion products Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
NFPA Health 2
  Flammability 1  
  Reactivity 3  

Health.
Exposure limit(s) TLV: 0.1 ppm; 0.64 mg/m3 (as TWA) A3 (skin) (ACGIH 1997). OSHA PEL: TWA 1 mg/m3 skin NIOSH REL: Ca See Appendix A skin NIOSH IDLH: Potential occupational carcinogen 100 mg/m3
Carcinogin G-A3, CP65
Poison_Class 4
Exposure effects May cause liver and kidney damage. Absorption into the body leads to the formation of methemoglobin which in sufficient concentrations causes cyanosis. May cause anemia and other blood cell abnormalities. May cause fatigue, dizziness, headache, insomnia and weight loss.
   Ingestion Harmful if swallowed. Aspiration of material into the lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis, which may be fatal. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, breath shortness, cyanosis with bluish skin, rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown colored blood. May cause central nervous system depression.
   Inhalation May cause effects similar to those described for ingestion. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, breath shortness, cyanosis with bluish skin, rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown blood.
   Skin Causes skin irritation. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material.
   Eyes Causes eye irritation.

First aid
 
   Ingestion Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.
   Inhalation Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration.
   Skin Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
   Eyes Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.

Transport.
UN number 1578
Response guide 152
Hazard class 6.1
Packing Group II  
USCG CHRIS Code CNP  
HS Code 2904 90 85